Studie analyzuje příčiny a výskyt lomů a vybočení kolejí v Česku v letech 2002–2022. Odhaluje, že zlomy se vyskytují hlavně v zimě, zatímco vybočení v létě, přičemž klíčovým faktorem je denní teplota vzduchu. Výsledky pomáhají zvýšit bezpečnost železniční dopravy.
Abstrakt
Rails are a fundamental part of rail transport ensuring smooth movement of rail vehicles. Rails may, however, break or buckle, which threatens the safety and continuity of rail traffic. In this study, we focused on broken and buckled rail incidents in Czechia between 2002 and 2022 in order to investigate their spatiotemporal patterns, the most hazardous locations, and the factors influencing both issues. Broken rails were often reported in the cold months (November–March; 78.3%). Buckled rails, on the contrary, occurred in the summer (June–August; 83.1%). From a logistic regression model that included factors such as daily air temperature, rail traffic intensity, railway line geometry, share of freight traffic, maximum axle load or maximum allowed train speed, a strong influence of daily air temperature on the occurrence of these problems was found. This is particularly important given the increase in air temperature due to climate change. The most hazardous locations on the Czech rail network were identified using the KDE+ method. The results provide infrastructure managers and other stakeholders with valuable insights into the occurrence of broken and buckled rails and can support mitigation efforts.
Citace
Nezval, V., Andrášik, R. & Bíl, M. Identification of factors contributing to broken and buckled rails: insights from long-term data. Eur. Transp. Res. Rev. 17, 28 (2025). Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-025-00725-w