Hydrogen has great potential as an alternative source of clean energy and fuel. The use of hydrogen fuel in transport will lead to a reduction in emissions and thus to a reduction in the negative impacts of transport on the environment, e.g., decarbonization, because hydrogen fuel in transport does not produce carbon emissions.
Hydrogen can be produced in many ways and from various raw materials. Depending on the production process used, it may contain undesirable impurities that have a negative impact on proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The use of poor-quality hydrogen fuel can damage a car's fuel cell or reduce its service life. For hydrogen to become a common and widespread fuel, effective and routine quality control methods will need to be put in place.
The project addresses the development and implementation of an analytical method for determining seven impurities in hydrogen fuel using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). FTIR is a spectroscopic method based on the analysis of infrared (IR) light after it passes through a sample. A sample of hydrogen gas is introduced into a cuvette through which IR radiation passes. This causes changes in the vibrational and rotational states of the gas molecules, and part of the original IR radiation is absorbed by the sample. The absorption, its magnitude, and the wavelength of the absorbed radiation depend on the type of impurity and its concentration in the sample. Hydrogen itself is not active in the IR spectrum in this respect and therefore does not interfere with the analysis. The advantage of FTIR over other techniques, such as gas chromatography, is its relative simplicity, speed, and lower operating costs. Higher detection limits may be a disadvantage. FTIR can be used to determine the content of water (H2O), ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4), formaldehyde (HCHO), formic acid (HCOOH), carbon dioxide (CO2), and carbon monoxide (CO) in hydrogen.
The aim of the project is to introduce a methodology for determining the first five of these impurities in the laboratories of the Transport Research Center and its subsequent accreditation.
NmetA - Methodologies and procedures accredited by an authorized body
The methodology for determining H2O, NH3, CH3, HCHO, and HCHO in hydrogen using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) will be developed in accordance with ASTM D7653 and JIS K0512. The functionality of the methodology will be verified internally by a validation study and externally by a bilateral comparison with an accredited laboratory. It will take the form of a standard operating procedure (SOP), which will serve as the basis for its accreditation.
This project, Determination and optimization of vegetation strips of natural tree species composition serving to reduce traffic noise, is co-financed with state support from the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic and the Ministry of Transport of the Czech Republic under the TRANSPORT 2030 Program. This project is financed under the National Recovery Plan from the European Recovery and Resilience Facility.
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